2. A Bergin, S Chapman, J Gjerloev, N Watkins. Inspection of the list of 86 substorm onsets identi ed from the SuperMAG electrojet (SME) index (Newell et al., 2011a, 87 2011b) revealed that on all but 3 of the 66 days a magnetic substorm occurred within or close 88 to the selected time period. Panel (1) represents the ring current SMR indices for four different sectors. Laundal1 • A.D. Richmond2. The SuperMAG SML and SME indices, enhanced versions of the familiar AL and AE indices, are used in our statistical analyses to quantify substorm strength and auroral power (AP) intensity, respectively. The continuity of SuperMAG data and near continuity of solar wind measurements minimize selection bias. Interplanetary magnetic eld data were provided by NASA OMNIweb from the satellites ACE, IMP-8, Geotail and WIND. There are also many specialized, web-based tools for ULF wave analysis (please contact FG co-chairs to add to this list): SuperMAG ground-based magnetometer global ULF wave plots; CARISMA ground-based magnetometer Pc1 power spectra and Pc5 power spectra; Augsburg College/UNH Arctic and Antarctic search coil magnetometer survey plots 2011b; 116 and, A12211, doi: 10.1029/2011JA016779. In the second part, we will give a quick description of the strategy we are currently working on, and discuss the first results and analysis. The SuperMAG data processing technique. substorm occurrence. There are three international space weather and space climate medals which are awarded every year to major contributions in the … We present a new quantitative technique that determines the times and durations of substorm expansion and recovery phases and possible growth phases based on percentiles of the rate of change of auroral electrojet indices. Panel (2 & 3) represent the SMU and SME indices in 24 sectors, and panel (4) represents the SME U/L indices for comparison. ISSN 2115-7251.s 1 - 16.s doi: 10.1051/swsc/2016031 . Prof Hermann J Opgenoorth was awarded the Baron Marcel Nicolet medal 2018 for his efforts in the international coordination of Space Weather.The medal ceremony was held during the 15th European Space Weather Week in Leuven (Belgium) on 5 November 2018. This coupling is enhanced at substorm onset through the formation of the substorm current wedge. 2019: To understand the substorm-crochet relation in the dayside, we examined SuperMAG data for cases when the onset of the substorm-like AL (SML) behavior coincides with the crochet. J Geophys Res 2011; 116: A12211. we investigate this conjecture about v and substorm probability. DOI: 10.1029/2012JA017683. Session Chair: Amir Akhavan Masoumi. During substorm growth phases, magnetic reconnection at the magnetopause extracts ~10 15 J from the solar wind which is then stored in the magnetotail lobes. The PCB location is determined from the Piecewise Parabolic Method with a Lagrangian Remap (PPMLR) -Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) … DOI: 10.1029/2011JA016779. The spacecraft was essentially a right circular cylinder, 1.7 m in diameter and 1.8 m high. We use data from SuperMAG, a large chain with more than 300 geomagnetic stations, to study geoeffectiveness triggered by IP shocks. Field-aligned currents (FACs), also known as Birkeland currents, are the agents by which energy and momentum are transferred to the ionosphere from the magnetosphere and solar wind. We quantify the spatio-temporal evolution of the substorm ionospheric current system utilizing the SuperMAG 100+ magnetometers, constructing dynamical directed networks from this data for the first time. This paper seeks to improve understanding of sawtooth events (STEs) that occur during the main phases of geomagnetic storms. Here we examine plasma sheet pressure, density, and temperature during substorm growth phases using 9 years of Cluster data … The frequency range is from = 2.0 mHz to = 7.0 mHz, and the discrimination level was esti-mated by a linear fit in the frequency interval 1 = 1 mHz to 2 = 8 mHz. [12] Vorobev AV, Vorobeva GR. Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. DOI 10.1007/s11214-016-0275-y. It is a manifestation of the magnetospheric substorm which is a disturbance of the magnetosphere brought about by the solar wind transfer of magnetic flux from the dayside to the tail lobes and its return through the plasma sheet to the dayside. 2015 / Martin Connors, Christopher T. Russell, Xiangning Chu, Robert L. McPherron; Inverting magnetic meridian data using nonlinear optimization. From this, we find that 54-56% of all extreme R values (defined as above the 99.97th percentile) occur during substorm expansion or recovery phases. Recently, Newell and Gjerloev (2011a) computed equivalent SuperMAG electrojet (SME) indices using data from around 100 mid latitude to high latitude observatories in the Northern Hemisphere. Its longitudinal extent is at least ~2145 km with an average duration of ~1 hour. Effects of substorm electrojet on declination along concurrent geomagnetic latitudes in the northern auroral zone. The auroral substorm is an organized sequence of events seen in the aurora near midnight. It is possible to separate these effects from the effects of reconnection because of the large 30 year data base created by the SuperMAG project. We show that STEVE typically occurs about one hour after substorm onset and it is an extremely narrow structure of only ~20 km in latitude. We present a case study of a substorm event that occurred during a weak storm (Dst similar to-40nT) on 14 July 2013. The SuperMAG substorm onset data base indicated that during 2015 and 2017 combined, 932 of a total of 4,031 onsets occurred during this UT time window. Specifically, a continuous list of sub-storm onsets compiled from SuperMAG covering January 1,1997 through December 31, 2007 are studied. Data to be used come from the EISCAT incoherent scatter radars, magnetometer networks (IMAGE and SuperMAG), ESA’s Swarm satellites, AMPERE satellites, optical measurements, etc. The red dashed line marks the interplanetary shock arrivals. Evaluation of SuperMAG auroral electrojet indices as indicators of substorms and auroral power. The Nyquist frequency for a 1-min sampling period is 8.3 mHz. Substorm timings used for analyse during this study are included. Substorm activity parameter, R su Tanskanen et al., 2005 Substorm activity parameter characterizes the level of substorm activity in the Earth’s magnetosphere. The standard auroral electrojet (AE) indices are based on magnetic disturbance data from 10 to 12 northern auroral observatories. The SuperMAG SML and SME indices, enhanced versions of the familiar AL and AE indices, are used in our statistical analyses to quantify substorm strength and auroral power (AP) intensity, respectively. SuperMAG, but it is not a real-time service, and data has not appeared there as of this writing. We consider the dynamics of diverse space environments encountered during a magnetic storm on 24 March 2002 when four STEs were identified in energetic particle fluxes measured by Synchronous Orbit Particle Analyzers on Los Alamos National Laboratory … The case study shows evidence suggest- The study is composed of 2900 substorms provided by the SuperMAG experiment. We have used well-established network science techniques to analyze data from >100 ground-based magnetometers operated by the SuperMAG … Gjerloev JW. 2 shows most of the 101 SuperMAG magnetome-ters in the southern hemisphere. A 2D Ising Model Cellular Automaton Mapped Onto Catenary Involute | Goktug Islamoglu. The SME indices certainly have advantage over the AE … Van Allen Probe B, inside geosynchronous orbit, observed two energetic proton injections within 10min, with different dipolarization signatures and duration. Substorm.com. Zhou, Guoquan. The Heliospheric Physics Laboratory (HPL), located at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Suburban Maryland, USA, operates the Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) and its S3C Active Archive. This unique high quality dataset provides a continuous and nearly global monitoring of the ground magnetic field perturbation. Abstract. Specifically, it was shown that Alfvénic aurora increases faster with increasing solar wind driving than any other type of aurora, and that there is a clear connection between substorm … S200112r (15:58:38 UTC) arrived within substorm trigger interval of S200105ae (16:24:26 UTC, 97% terrestrial source prob, FAR 24.21 per year, much higher than O2 relaxed limit of ~1 per 33 days). SuperMAG's Web Site is based on an intuitive interface with easily accessible tools and products. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate 2016; Volum 6:A37. According to the Dst-index a geomagnetic storm began late on the 27 April, and continued until about 1 May. Propagation of a radial phased-locked Lorentz beam array in turbulent atmosphere.. PubMed. We use data from SuperMAG, a large chain with more than 300 geomagnetic stations, to study geoeffectiveness triggered by IP shocks. Emilio L. Pueyo, Mª Teresa Román-Berdiel, Conxi Ayala, Francesca Loi, Ruth Soto, Elisabeth Beamud, Elena Fernandez de Arévalo, Ana Gimeno, Luis Galán, Stefanía Schamuells, Nuria Bach-Oller, Pilar Clariana, Félix M. Rubio, Antonio M. Casas-Sainz, Belén Oliva … 2011-11-21. I am a Research Director of the Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing (IAASARS) at the National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Greece.. The events in these lists are inferred from jumps in the SuperMAG AL index for 1979–2015, from electron injections into geosynchronous orbit for 1989–2007, from positive bay events in 1982–2012, and from ground-based magnetometer data with the SOPHIE algorithm for 1981–2015. Using historical data from the SuperMAG collaboration of magnetometers, the researchers applied algorithms from network science to find correlations between magnetometer signals during 41 known substorms that occurred between 1997-2001. The recent eGY provided an argument for the philosophy on which SuperMAG is based. J Geophys Res 2012; 117: A09213. Substorm number peaks The substorm onset delays of each event are determined with the onset_delays.m script and the substorm event list 20191127-15-56-substorms.csv (both included). supermag.jhuapl.edu/. Keyword: space weather impacts , geomagnetically induced currents , GIC , transient induced currents , TIC , and dB/dt search algorithm Beharrell et al. Key areas of scientific investigation include understanding plasma-wave interactions, substorm studies and further studies of the energetic ring current. This SuperMAG product provides a comprehensive list of substorms have been derived using a simple automated algorithm to identify substorm expansion phase onsets from the SML index (Newell & Gjerloev, 2011; Gjerloev, 2012). Table 1 summarises these statistics in terms of the four selected 89 IRIS sectors. The ability of our model to forecast a substorm onset based on solar wind and IMF inputs prior to the actual onset time and the trend observed in IMF Bz prior to onset suggest a majority of the substorms may not be externally 2. This SuperMAG product provides a comprehensive list of substorms have been derived using a simple automated algorithm to identify substorm expansion phase onsets from the SML index (Newell & Gjerloev, 2011; Gjerloev, 2012). Pairs of nominal conjugate stations have been identi ed and the data have been transformed [11] Newell PT, Gjerloev JW. Taking a period on 8 March 2008 as an example, we investigate the location of PCB and its dynamics during a substorm event. SuperMAG is a global collaboration that provides ground magnetic field perturbations from a long list of stations in the same coordinate system, identical time resolution and with a common baseline removal approach. The February 24, 2010 substorm: a refined view involving a pseudobreakup/expansive phase/poleward boundary intensification sequence. A comparison of the substorm and storm-time observed values of the AE and Dst geomagnetic indices to their SuperMAG counterparts over the last four solar cycles. SuperMAG provides large dataset covering more than 30 years from more than 400 magnetometers. Based on data from more than 100 magnetometer stations in the SuperMAG array, Orr used a dynamical directed network to determine the characteristics of current systems. The events in these lists are inferred from jumps in the SuperMAG AL index for 1979–2015, from electron injections into geosynchronous orbit for 1989–2007, from positive bay events in 1982–2012, and from ground-based magnetometer data with the SOPHIE algorithm for 1981–2015. We find that the current ovals expand and contract over the course of a substorm cycle … SuperMAG list of magnetic substorm onsets compiled between 1997 and 2017 and achieves ~75 precision and recall rates. The medal ceremony was held during the 15 th European Space Weather Week in Leuven (Belgium) on 5 November 2018.. Plasma sheet pressure increases to balance magnetic flux density increases in the lobes. A study of interplanetary shock geoeffectiveness controlled by impact angles using simulations and observations BY DENNY M. OLIVEIRA B.S., University of S˜ao Paulo (2005) K.M. The di ↵ erence in mean The community structure of a substorm on the 16/03/1997. J. Geophys. The List of Ground-Based Geomagnetic Stations Used in This Study, Including 22 Middle- and Low-Latitude Stations and 18 High-Latitude Conjugate Stationsa Station Code GeoLON GeoLAT MagLON MagLAT Station Location Middle- to Low-Latitude Stations CLF 2.27 48.02 79.42 43.11 Chambon la foret KIV 30.30 50.72 104.63 46.56 Kiev HPL is a component of Goddard's Heliophysics Division of the Sciences and Exploration Directorate. The right-hand column of Table 5 shows that most substorms were not associated with MPEs: the fraction not related ranged from 72% to 92%. The lower panel of Fig. We characterized 28 STEVE events using the THEMIS ASI dataset and the REGO database. The rapidly varying AE-index suggests that the disturbed period contained many substorms. We No enhancements in solar protons occurred in this time. Four independent lists of substorm events are considered. US9927531B2 US14/870,298 US201514870298A US9927531B2 US 9927531 B2 US9927531 B2 US 9927531B2 US 201514870298 A US201514870298 A US 201514870298A US … There are three international space weather and space climate medals which are awarded every year to major contributions in the … Isolated substorm events are defined as single expansion–recovery phase pairs, compound substorms consist of multiple phase pairs, and multi-night substorm events refer to recurring substorm activity on consecutive nights. SuperMAG indices for the super substorm event on April 5, 2010. 1 Searching for Carrington-like events and their signatures and triggers Elena Saiz1, Antonio Guerrero1, Consuelo Cid1, Judith Palacios1 and Yolanda Cerrato1 1Space Research Group - Space Weather, Departamento de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain. ... J.W.G. substorm-like disturbances that occurred during the lengthy recovery phase of the Saint Patrick’s Day Storm. Colin Forsyth (MSSL) spoke on SOPHIE, his new method of identifying substorm phases using the SuperMAG geomagnetic indices (SML/SMU), which measure the largest magnetic perturbations on the ground caused by westward and eastward currents flowing in the ionosphere. [10] Gjerloev JW. Patrick’s Day” (17 March 2015), with a minimum Dst level of − 223 nT. Paul Yves Jean Antonio, Lenka Baratoux, Ricardo Ivan Ferreira Trindade, Sonia Rousse, Anani Ayite, Cristiano Lana, Mélina Macouin, Emmanuel Williams Kobby Adu, Caroline Sanchez, Using FAC data from the Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment and substorm … The SuperMAG substorm product identifies the onset time of each substorm and the MLT of the onset footprint. We will also give a non-exhaustive list of recent features, such as the adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) for spherical geometry, and present some associated test cases and realistic applications. We perform a superposed epoch analysis of the evolution of the Birkeland currents (field-aligned currents) observed by the Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment (AMPERE) during substorms. Five major substorms in this super storm were selected, with minimum values of local electrojet index (IL) ranging from − 1662 to − 673 nT. There are also many specialized, web-based tools for ULF wave analysis (please contact FG co-chairs to add to this list): SuperMAG ground-based magnetometer global ULF wave plots; CARISMA ground-based magnetometer Pc1 power spectra and Pc5 power spectra; Augsburg College/UNH Arctic and Antarctic search coil magnetometer survey plots Res. medium-energy electrons). The SuperMAG substorm product identifies the onset time of each substorm and the MLT of the onset footprint. An aurora (plural: auroras or aurorae), sometimes referred to as polar lights (aurora polaris), northern lights (aurora borealis), or southern lights (aurora australis), is a natural light display in the Earth's sky, predominantly seen in high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic). • First dynamical network analysis of substorm current systems that is directed, quan-.. tifying both formation and The eGY declaration stated “providing ready and open access to the vast and growing collections of A new, ground based data-assimilative modeling of the Earth's plasmasphere - a critical contribution to Radiation Belt modeling for Space Weather purposes Dataset and methodology. Towards the end of the project, we expect the EISCAT_3D radar to be operational, too. Geophysical Research Abstracts 21, 2019. The most dramatic feature of the auroral substorm … The continuity of SuperMAG data and near continuity of … In this figure monthly averaging is used. The term “most” is used since the projection (orthographic from above the mag- The SuperMAG substorm onset data base indicated that during 2015 and 2017 combined, 932 of a total of 4031 onsets occurred between 23:15 and 05:45 UT.
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